1. Protect Tender Plants
Mulch for Insulation:
Apply a thick layer of mulch around tender perennials, shrubs, and
root systems to insulate them from freezing temperatures. Mulch
helps retain soil moisture and maintains a consistent temperature.
Cover Delicate Plants:
Use burlap or frost cloth to cover sensitive plants like roses,
young trees, and any remaining vegetables. This extra layer
shields them from frost, wind, and snow damage.
2. Prepare the Soil
Add Compost or Organic Matter:
Spread a layer of compost or aged manure on garden beds to
replenish nutrients over winter. The organic material will break
down and enrich the soil, preparing it for spring planting.
Consider Soil Testing:
If you haven’t tested your soil recently, winter is a good time to
analyze its nutrient needs. Adjustments to pH or fertility can be
made with amendments that slowly integrate into the soil over
winter.
3. Cut Back and Prune
Trim Dead or Diseased Parts:
Prune dead, damaged, or diseased branches from shrubs, perennials,
and trees. Removing these parts helps prevent diseases from
spreading during the dormant season. Leave Some Plants for
Wildlife:
Avoid cutting back all perennials; leave a few
seed-bearing plants like coneflowers or ornamental grasses for
birds to feed on. This also adds winter interest with unique
shapes and textures.
4. Plant Winter-Resistant Species
Add Winter-Blooming Plants:
If you want some color during winter, plant hardy species like
winter jasmine, hellebores, or snowdrops. These plants bloom in
colder months, offering vibrant color when most plants are
dormant. Consider Evergreens for Structure:
Add evergreens
to your landscape for year-round structure. These plants withstand
cold well and maintain their color, making them excellent for
visual interest in winter.
5. Take Care of Your
Lawn
Rake Leaves:
Rake and remove fallen leaves to prevent fungal growth. Mulch or
compost the leaves for garden use next year. Aerate the Soil:
Aerating the lawn helps reduce soil compaction and improves
drainage, promoting stronger roots and reducing the risk of winter
diseases.
6. Winterize Decorative Features
Drain Water Features:
Drain fountains, birdbaths, and ponds if possible to prevent ice
damage. For ponds with fish, add a floating device or heater to
keep a small area ice-free, allowing oxygen exchange. Store
Outdoor Furniture and Décor:
Clean, cover, and store garden
furniture, containers, and other decorative items to protect them
from freezing temperatures. Ceramic pots can crack, so empty and
bring them indoors or cover them securely.
7. Prepare Garden Tools
Clean and Store Tools:
Wash and dry all tools, then store
them in a dry place. Consider applying a light coat of oil to
metal surfaces to prevent rust. Sharpen and Maintain Equipment:
Winter is a great time to sharpen pruners, shovels, and mower
blades. Well-maintained tools will be ready to use come spring.